Matera Travel Guide
Introduction
Matera, located in the Basilicata region of southern Italy, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its ancient cave dwellings known as “Sassi.” Nestled between the Gravina River and the Murgia plateau, Matera’s striking landscape features limestone cliffs and a rich tapestry of history that dates back thousands of years. Travelers flock to Matera for its unique blend of history, culture, and architecture, characterized by its stone-carved houses and ancient churches. The city’s atmospheric streets, vibrant local culture, and stunning views make it a distinctive destination that offers a glimpse into Italy’s past, while also being a hub of contemporary art and cuisine.
Top Things to Do in Matera
1. Sassi di Matera
The Sassi di Matera are the heart of the city, a collection of ancient cave dwellings carved into the rock. This UNESCO World Heritage site offers a unique opportunity to explore the historical architecture and learn about the lives of the people who once resided here. Walking through the narrow alleys, visitors can appreciate the centuries-old homes, churches, and breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. It’s ideal for history enthusiasts and photographers alike.
2. Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario
A visit to Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario offers an intimate glimpse into traditional cave living. This restored dwelling showcases how families lived in the Sassi until the mid-20th century. Visitors can explore the various rooms filled with period furniture and artifacts that depict daily life in Matera. It’s an enlightening experience for anyone interested in anthropology and history.
3. Matera Cathedral
Perched atop a hill, the Matera Cathedral is a striking example of Apulian Romanesque architecture. Dating back to the 13th century, the cathedral offers impressive frescoes and a beautiful view of the Sassi. The interior is adorned with intricate details, making it a must-visit for art lovers and those seeking spiritual solace. The cathedral is best suited for those interested in architecture and history.
4. Palombaro Lungo
Palombaro Lungo is an underground water reservoir that dates back to the 19th century. This fascinating site showcases the ingenuity of the city’s ancient water management system. Guided tours take visitors through the vast underground chambers, revealing the intricate network of tunnels. It’s an excellent choice for those curious about engineering and historical infrastructure.
5. Parco della Murgia Materana
For nature lovers, Parco della Murgia Materana offers stunning landscapes and hiking opportunities. This natural park is home to numerous hiking trails that lead to ancient rock churches and offer panoramic views of the Sassi. The park is ideal for outdoor enthusiasts and families looking to escape the city for a day of exploration in nature.
6. Crypt of the Original Sin
Known as the “Sistine Chapel of cave art,” the Crypt of the Original Sin features stunning frescoes that date back to the 9th century. This hidden gem is often overlooked but provides an extraordinary look at early Christian art in Italy. The site is best suited for art historians and those interested in religious history, making it a must-visit for a deeper understanding of Matera’s cultural heritage.
7. Museo Nazionale Ridola
The Museo Nazionale Ridola houses an impressive collection of prehistoric artifacts, including pottery, tools, and sculptures that date back to the Paleolithic era. This museum offers a comprehensive overview of the region’s history and is perfect for history buffs and families looking to learn more about the early inhabitants of Matera.
8. Sunset at Belvedere di Murgia Timone
For breathtaking views, head to Belvedere di Murgia Timone at sunset. This vantage point overlooks the Sassi and the surrounding landscape, providing a picture-perfect backdrop as the sun sets over the ancient city. It’s a romantic spot for couples and a favorite for photographers looking to capture the magic of Matera.
9. Local Markets
Exploring the local markets, such as the Mercato di Campagna, allows visitors to experience Matera’s vibrant culture. Here, you can find fresh produce, handmade crafts, and local delicacies. It’s a great way to engage with locals and gain insight into the daily life of the city’s residents.
Best Time to Visit Matera
The best time to visit Matera is during the spring (April to June) and fall (September to October) months when the weather is pleasantly mild, making it ideal for exploring the city’s attractions. Summer can be quite hot, with temperatures often exceeding 30°C (86°F), which may deter some travelers from extensive outdoor activities. Conversely, winter (December to February) can be chilly and rainy, but it offers a unique, quieter experience of the city. Peak tourist seasons occur from June to August, so travelers seeking a more tranquil visit may prefer the shoulder seasons of spring and fall.
Getting to Matera
Matera is accessible via several transportation methods. The nearest major airport is Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport (BRI), located about 65 kilometers (40 miles) away. From Bari, travelers can rent a car or take a bus or train to Matera. The train journey from Bari to Matera is scenic and takes around 1.5 hours. Additionally, there are regional buses that connect Matera to other major cities in Southern Italy. If traveling by car, the city is linked by the A14 and SS7 highways, making it relatively easy to reach from other parts of Italy.
Getting Around Matera
Matera is compact and walkable, making it easy to explore on foot. The city’s narrow streets and stairways may pose challenges for those with mobility issues, but they add to the charm of the Sassi. While public transportation options are limited, taxis are available and can be a convenient way to navigate certain areas. Rideshare services like Uber may also operate in the area. Car hire is an option, but parking in the historical center can be challenging due to narrow streets. To fully appreciate Matera’s beauty, walking is the best mode of transportation.
Travel Tips for Matera
1. Wear Comfortable Shoes: The cobbled streets and steep paths can be difficult to navigate, so sturdy footwear is essential for exploring the Sassi and other attractions.
2. Stay Hydrated: Particularly during the warmer months, always carry water to stay hydrated while walking around the city.
3. Respect Local Customs: Matera has a rich cultural heritage; be courteous when visiting religious sites, and dress modestly.
4. Try Local Cuisine: Don’t miss out on traditional dishes like “pane di Matera” (Matera bread) and “cicoria” (chicory greens), which can be found at local restaurants.
5. Learn Basic Italian Phrases: While many locals speak English, knowing a few Italian phrases can enhance your experience and interactions.
6. Be Mindful of Peak Times: If possible, visit popular attractions early in the morning or later in the evening to avoid crowds.
7. Cash is King: While credit cards are accepted in many places, some smaller shops and restaurants may prefer cash, so it’s advisable to have some euros on hand.
8. Take Guided Tours: For a deeper understanding of Matera’s history and culture, consider joining guided tours that provide insights that self-guided visits may miss.
Where to Stay in Matera
Matera offers a range of accommodation options, from luxurious cave hotels to budget-friendly guesthouses. The Sassi district is popular for its unique cave dwellings, providing an authentic experience. Staying here places you in the heart of the city’s historical charm, with easy access to attractions. Alternatively, the more modern areas around Via Lucana offer contemporary hotels and amenities while still being within walking distance of the main sights. For families or those seeking quieter surroundings, consider neighborhoods a bit further from the center, which offer a more local vibe.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is Matera safe for tourists?
Yes, Matera is generally considered safe for tourists. Standard precautions should be taken, such as being aware of your surroundings and keeping valuables secure.
2. How many days should I spend in Matera?
Two to three days is ideal for exploring Matera. This allows enough time to visit major attractions, enjoy the local cuisine, and experience the city’s unique atmosphere.
3. Are there guided tours available in Matera?
Yes, there are numerous guided tours available that cover various aspects of Matera, including its history, architecture, and culinary scene. Booking in advance is recommended.
4. Can I visit Matera in winter?
Yes, visiting Matera in winter can offer a unique experience, with fewer tourists and a cozy atmosphere. However, be prepared for colder weather and occasional rain.
5. What should I wear when visiting Matera?
Dress in comfortable clothing suitable for walking, and consider layers to accommodate temperature changes. Modest attire is recommended when visiting religious sites.
6. Are there any local festivals in Matera?
Matera hosts several festivals throughout the year, including the Feast of Santa Eustachio in September, which features processions and traditional music, showcasing the city’s rich cultural heritage.