Alexandria Travel Guide
Introduction
Nestled along the Mediterranean coast in Egypt, Alexandria is a vibrant city steeped in history and culture. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it has long been a nexus of trade, learning, and civilization. Today, Alexandria beckons travelers with its stunning beaches, rich archaeological sites, and a unique blend of ancient and modern influences. Distinguished by its historical landmarks like the legendary Library of Alexandria and the majestic Citadel of Qaitbay, the city also boasts a lively waterfront and bustling markets. Visitors come to experience its diverse culinary scene, explore its museums, and immerse themselves in an atmosphere that reflects centuries of cultural exchange. Whether you’re a history buff, a beach lover, or a culinary explorer, Alexandria offers a captivating experience that stands out in Egypt.
Top Things to Do in Alexandria
1. The Citadel of Qaitbay
The Citadel of Qaitbay is a stunning fortress that stands proudly on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Built in the 15th century, this citadel offers panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea and the city itself. Visitors can explore its well-preserved walls and towers, learn about its history, and enjoy the surrounding vibrant area filled with cafes and markets. It’s particularly suited for history enthusiasts and photographers looking for breathtaking vistas.
2. The Roman Amphitheatre
Discovered accidentally in 1960, the Roman Amphitheatre is a remarkable archaeological site that dates back to the 2nd century AD. With its semi-circular seating and exquisite marble columns, the amphitheater once hosted performances and gatherings. Today, visitors can walk through the ruins and imagine the lively events that took place here. Its unique blend of Roman and Egyptian architectural styles makes it a must-visit for anyone interested in ancient history and architecture.
3. The Bibliotheca Alexandrina
An homage to the ancient Library of Alexandria, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a modern architectural marvel. Opened in 2002, it houses millions of books, as well as museums, a planetarium, and exhibition spaces. Visitors can explore the vast collection of manuscripts, attend lectures, and participate in cultural events. This library is perfect for intellectual travelers and those looking to engage with Alexandria’s rich literary heritage.
4. The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa
The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa are an intricate network of underground tombs that blend Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architectural styles. Dating back to the 2nd century AD, these catacombs are famous for their stunning frescoes and sculptures. Visitors descend into the depths to discover burial chambers, a banquet hall, and fascinating artifacts. This site is particularly suited for those interested in the mysteries of ancient burial practices and the cross-cultural influences of Alexandria.
5. The Montazah Palace and Gardens
The Montazah Palace, surrounded by lush gardens and situated on the Mediterranean coast, was once a royal retreat. Today, it serves as a public park, inviting visitors to stroll through its beautifully landscaped gardens, explore the palace grounds, and enjoy the stunning sea views. The area is ideal for families, couples, and anyone looking to enjoy a peaceful day amidst nature while soaking in the historical ambiance of the palace.
6. Pompey’s Pillar
Pompey’s Pillar is an impressive Roman triumphal column that stands 25 meters tall, commemorating the Roman Emperor Diocletian. Erected in the 4th century AD, it is one of the largest ancient monolithic columns still standing today. Visitors can explore the surrounding ruins and enjoy the historical significance of the site, making it an excellent stop for history lovers and those interested in Roman architecture.
7. Alexandria National Museum
Housed in a beautifully restored 19th-century palace, the Alexandria National Museum showcases the city’s rich history from ancient to modern times. The museum features a diverse collection of artifacts, including mummies, sculptures, and coins. The well-curated exhibits provide insight into Alexandria’s multifaceted past, making it a great destination for culture enthusiasts and anyone looking to deepen their understanding of Egyptian history.
8. The Corniche
The Corniche is Alexandria’s scenic waterfront promenade, stretching along the Mediterranean coast. Lined with cafes, restaurants, and palm trees, it’s a popular place for both locals and tourists to relax, walk, or cycle. Visitors can enjoy stunning views of the sea, particularly at sunset, making it a favorite spot for couples and families looking for leisure activities and beautiful scenery.
Best Time to Visit Alexandria
The best time to visit Alexandria is during the spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) when temperatures are mild, typically ranging from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). Summers can be quite hot, with temperatures soaring above 35°C (95°F), while winters are cooler but still pleasant. Peak tourist seasons align with school holidays and major events, making spring and fall ideal for avoiding the crowds while enjoying favorable weather. If you prefer quieter visits, consider planning your trip during the off-peak months of late fall and winter.
Getting to Alexandria
Alexandria is easily accessible via several transportation options. The nearest airport is Borg El Arab International Airport, located about 30 kilometers (19 miles) from the city center, offering domestic and limited international flights. For those traveling overland, the city is well-connected by major roads from Cairo and other parts of Egypt. The rail network also provides convenient train services from Cairo, making it a popular choice for travelers. Additionally, ferries from nearby coastal cities can add a scenic touch to your journey.
Getting Around Alexandria
Getting around Alexandria is relatively straightforward, with several options available. Public transport includes buses and microbuses, which are affordable but can be crowded. Taxis are also widely available; however, it’s advisable to negotiate fares beforehand or use ride-sharing apps for convenience. The city is walkable in many areas, especially along the Corniche, making it easy to explore local attractions at your own pace. For those seeking more flexibility, car rental services are available, but driving may be challenging due to local traffic conditions.
Travel Tips for Alexandria
1. Stay Hydrated: The Mediterranean climate can get hot, especially in summer. Always carry water while exploring.
2. Dress Appropriately: When visiting religious sites, dress modestly to respect local customs. Light, breathable clothing is advisable for general sightseeing.
3. Learn Basic Arabic: While many people speak English, knowing a few Arabic phrases can enhance your experience and interactions.
4. Mind Your Belongings: Like many tourist destinations, keep an eye on personal belongings to avoid petty theft.
5. Use Cash: While credit cards are accepted at many places, carrying cash is essential, especially in markets and smaller shops.
6. Try Local Cuisine: Don’t miss out on local dishes such as seafood and traditional Egyptian fare. Street food can be delicious, but choose vendors with good hygiene.
7. Respect Local Customs: Be aware of cultural norms, especially during Ramadan, and adjust your behavior accordingly.
8. Plan Your Visits: Many attractions have specific opening hours. Planning your itinerary can help you make the most of your time.
Where to Stay in Alexandria
When visiting Alexandria, consider staying near the Corniche for easy access to the waterfront and numerous dining options. The areas around Downtown Alexandria are also popular for their proximity to historical sites and shopping. For those seeking a quieter experience, the Montazah area offers beautiful gardens and waterfront views. Accommodations range from budget-friendly hostels to luxury hotels, so travelers can find options that suit their preferences and budgets.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is Alexandria safe for tourists?
Yes, Alexandria is generally safe for tourists. However, it’s advisable to remain aware of your surroundings and follow local customs.
2. What language is spoken in Alexandria?
Arabic is the official language of Egypt. However, many younger people in Alexandria speak English, especially in tourist areas.
3. How do I dress when visiting religious sites?
Visitors should dress modestly when visiting mosques and churches. Women should cover their heads, and both genders should wear long sleeves and skirts or trousers.
4. What currency is used in Alexandria?
The currency used is the Egyptian Pound (EGP). ATMs are widely available, and credit cards are accepted in many establishments.
5. Can I drink tap water in Alexandria?
It is advisable to drink bottled water to avoid any potential stomach issues, as tap water may not be potable.
6. Are there any local foods I should try?
Definitely! Try dishes like grilled fish, koshari (a rice and lentil dish), and local seafood specialties. Street food is also a must-try for an authentic experience.